Long Term Decline of Zostera Marina in Long Island
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چکیده
A long-term decline of Zostera marina has occurred throughout the western and central portions of Long Island Sound. Currently, Eelgrass is predominant in Fishers Island Sound and the nearshore zone from New London to East Lyme. Eelgrass is present in the mouth of the Connecticut River but the population size and distribution are not known. The only extant population located west of this river is found in the Hammonasset River in Clinton. Nitrogen enrichment has been shown to cause hypoxia in western and west central Long Island Sound. The most probable cause of Eelgrass declines is light attenuation caused by increased phytoplankton production from nitrogen enrichment. Based upon an analysis of the historic data, we suspect that water quality problems existed in western and central LIS as early as 1930-1940.
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